Abstract: The centrosome is a highly conserved organelle that serves as the main microtubule-organizing center. It comprises of two orthogonally arranged centrioles surrounded by a mass of protein-rich matrix. In many cell types one centriole provides a template for cilium assembly. Extra copies of centrosomes are common features among cancer cells, whereas defects in ciliogenesis cause a wide range of human diseases including microcephaly and a group of disorders collectively known as the ciliopathies. We have used various super-resolution microscopy to investigate the organization of centriolar and peri-centriolar proteins as mitotic and meiotic centrosomes mature for M phase, and describe the architectural arrangements of proteins essential for the canonical duplication of centrioles in cultured cells and Drosophila tissues. Such knowledge of the relative positioning of these molecules within a single centrosome has then directed us to the analysis of protein-protein interactions that are crucial for centriole duplication and tissue development.